【Abstract】 Objective To observe the effect of Danshen in treatment of infant with late vitamin K deficiency induced intracranial hemorrhage and investigate its mechanism. Methods 72 infant with late vitamin K deficiency induced intracranial hemorrhage who hospitalized were enrolled in the study. The children were randomly divided into the control group (36 cases) and the observation group (36 cases). The control group was treated with vitamin K1, reducing the intracranial pressure and correcting anaemic condition. The observation group was given Danshen and the treatment of the control group. The levels of neuron specific enolase (NSE), S100βprotein, TNFα and IL6 were detected at admission and checked again seven days after treatment. The changes of the above indicators and the clinical curative effect were compared before and after therapy.Results The incidence of mortality and sequelae of the control group (2222% and 2857%) were statistically different from that of the observation group (556% and 882%)(P＜005). The levels of NSE, S100β protein, TNFα and IL6 in each group after treatment showed no significant difference from that before treatment （P＞005）. All the observed indicators of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment (all P＜001 ). Seven days after treatment, the levels of NSE, S100β, TFNα and IL6 in observation group were statistically different from that of control group（P＜005）.Conclusion On the basis of conventional therapy, Danshen can effectively alleviate the systemic inflammatory response in children with late vitamin K deficiency induced intracranial hemorrhage, reduce brain damage and improve the clinical efficacy.