【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the relationship between thickness of artery wall in AVF and calciumphosphorus metabolism，and provides the basis for the regulation of calcium phosphorus metabolism disorder. Methods 32 patients undergoing Av fistula formation were hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2015 in the Department of Nephrology of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Baseline characteristics and results of laboratory studies, including sex, age, dialysis duration, causes of ESRD, the values of serum cholesterol (CHOL),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL), lowdensity lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol,triglyceride(TG), albumin(ALB), calcium, phosphate, hemoglobin(HGB), and parathormone (PTH) were documented. The specimens of the arterial wall were obtained during the procedure and analyzed. Patients were divided into PTH ＜400 (Group A) and PTH≥400 (Group B). Results Mean intimal thickness (IT) was significantly high in patients of Group B (602±241 μm), compared with that of Group A (378±148 μm) (P=0003). Patients with high (≥400 pg/mL) iPTH had 8 times the risk of developing intimal thickness of ≥60 μ m, compared with patients with low (＜400 pg/mL) PTH (Pvalue ＜005), with 95% confidence interval of 127, 6261. The PTH level was found to be an independent risk factor for high intima thickness (correlation coefficient 0653) (Pvalue ＜001). Conclusion The thickness of artery wall in AVF is closelyrelated to the level of serum PTH in maintenance hemodialysis patients.The high PTH level is an independent risk factor for vascular injury.