【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effect of tubal ligation on growth and development. Methods 180 puerperants with tubal ligation and 180 puerperants without tubal ligation were selected as observation group and control group. The physical and mental development of their infants at 1 month, 3 months and 5 months were observed. The breast milk amount and ingredient before and after surgery were measured. Results There was no difference of physical and mental development of infants between observation group and control group. The breast milk amount of 1 month after surgery decreased compared with that before surgery. There was no difference on the breast milk ingredient before and after surgery. Conclusion Tubal ligation causes a temporarily effect on women′s lactation and has no impact on the growth and development of infants.