【Abstract】 Objective To study the clinical significance of detecting serum HBVDNA using nested polymerase chain reaction in the treatment of hepatitis B.Methods HBVM of 146 HBV infection patients were detected with ELISA FQPCR and nPCR assay and controlled with 49 healthy people.Results HBVDNA positive rate with PCR primers 1 and PCR primers 4 were very high. There was significant difference in the positive rate of HBeAg between the ELISA detection with nPCR and FQPCR detection of HBVDNA. In PCR primers 2, the difference of HBVDNA positive rate between the ELISA detection with nPCR and FQPCR detection of HBVDNA positive rate was not significant. The positive rate of NPCR detection were significantly higher than that of FQPCR detection. The positive rate of NPCR obvious was much higher than that of ELISA. ELISA and control group were significantly different from that in control group.Conclusion The detection rate of nPCR in the diagnosis of HBV disease is high, and the specificity is strong. It has a high practical value for the diagnosis of HBV disease.