【Abstract】 Objective To explore preoperative viral load on postoperative complications and prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer of the patients infected with HIV. Methods 18 patients of HIV merged NSCLC were collected. HIV viral load of preoperative patients were tested by RTPCR. Patients with HIV viral load ＞40 comy/ml were selected as observation group. Patients with HIV viral load ≤40 comy/ml were selected control group. The postoperative chest flow and lung infections were observed. Results 18 cases were successfully operated. The postoperative chest drain and lung infection of observation group and control group were negatively correlated with preoperative viral load. Conclusion HIV viral load difference is not significant for the prognosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer of the patients infected with HIV, which has clinical significance for postoperative complications.