【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effect of intravenous diuretic and vasodilator therapy on plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels and health status in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Methods A total of 108 AECOPD patients without corpulmonale were classified based on the treatment received: mild diuretic (Group A), the diuretic and vasodilator(Group B). Stable COPD patients were served as controls (Group C). Plasma BNP concentrations and George′s Respiratory Questionnaire score were evaluated and compared between the three groups. Results Plasma BNP levels in AECOPD patients were significantly decreased after treatment, and the decrease was more striking in group B than in group A (P＜005). Scores of St. George′s Respiratory Questionnaire in AECOPD patients were significantly improved after treatment, and the improve was more striking in group B than in group A (P＜005). ConclusionPlasma BNP levels increased during AECOPD. However, the BNP levels and scores of St. George′s Respiratory Questionnaire decreased after therapy with diuretic and vasodilator.