【Abstract】 There has been a renewed interest in using polymyxin as a last resort therapeutic option, due to emergence of multidrugresistant Gramnegative bacteria. Despite being available for clinical use for decades, there is still a very limited understanding on many aspects of this agent. Based on review of pertinent literatures，this article reviewed the progress of clinical application of polymyxin B, antibacterial spectrum, antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology and other aspects, to provide reference for optimal clinical application.