Infectious diseases is a common and important clinical disease, which is related to national security and people's health. Although the research level in the field of infectious disease prevention and control has been continuously enhanced, the situation of infectious disease prevention and control is still grim. In order to understand the new progress of current infectious disease research and improve the research level of infectious diseases in China, we introduced the current status of important infectious diseases (Viral infection; Bacterial infection; Fungal infection; Parasitic infection), comments on the research and prevention progress in the field of infectious diseases, and prospected the significant research directions in the future.