To investigate whether there is a ferroptosis cell death method in the testis of experimental rats with left varicocele. Twenty four SD rats were divided into operation group (ELV) and sham operation group (SOG) according to the random number table method. The rat model of varicocele was established by Turner method, and the rats in the operation group and the sham operation group were killed 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the completion the model. The model of varicocele was evaluated, and the left testes were taken out to observe the morphological changes. The concentrations of ROS and GPX4 were determined by ELISA method, the activity of GSH was determined by spectrophotometry, the activity of GSH-PX was determined by colorimetry, and the expression of Nrf2 protein in left testicular tissue was detected by Western blot method. Results At 2 and 4 weeks, the left spermatic vein of ELV dilated more than 2 times as much as before operation, and the rat model of varicocele was established successfully.Obvious pathological damage occurred in the left testicular tissue in ELV at 2 and 4 weeks, including damage to the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules, disordered arrangement of spermatogenic cells at all levels, partial destruction of cell structure, exfoliation of spermatogenic cells in the lumen, decrease of sperm count, enlargement of lumen space and poor morphology of Sertoli cells. Compared with the SOG group at 2 weeks and 4 weeks, the concentration of ROS in the testis tissue of rats in the ELV group at 2 weeks and 4 weeks was significantly higher than that in the ELV group, and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05). However, the activity of GSH, GSH PX and the concentration of GPX4 did not change significantly, and the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05), the relative amount of Nrf2 protein expression did not change significantly, and the difference was not statistically significant (P＞005). ConclusionAt present, it cannot be concluded that there is a cell death method of ferroptosis in the testis of varicocele, but the possibility of its existence cannot be denied.