【Abstract】Because of the increasing incidence of biliary and pancreatic diseases and the widespread popularization of laparoscopic surgery, biliary stricture has become a more and more prominent clinical problem. Unfortunately, the sensitivity and specificity of the common diagnostic means such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is 90%~98% and 30%~90% in diagnosing biliary stricture respectively, which is difficult to meet the clinical diagnosis needs. Unclear diagnosis leads to the difficult choice of treatment. Improper intervention may bring catastrophic consequences for the patients. Although there are many ways of diagnosis and treatment methods for biliary stricture, there are still many difficult problems and disputes in the diagnosis and treatment process. In this paper, we review the domestic and international frontier and hot issues of surgical endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of biliary stricture, and hope to broaden the view for clinical diagnosis and treatment and even scientific research.