Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a newly discovered cytokine of the interleukin10 (IL-10) superfamily. IL-10 is generally considered to be a systemic cytokine that inhibits inflammation, whereas IL-19 is similar to IL-10’s sequence and structure, so it’s been thought that both have similar biological activities, but many studies have shown that the biological effects of IL-19 are different from those of IL-10, and IL-19 also has different effects in different systems of diseases, especially in inflammatory response. Researchers have done a lot of research on the pathogenesis of IL-19 in some inflammatory diseases and feasibility of being a potential therapeutic target. The main goal of this review is to discuss the underlying mechanisms and research progress in cardiovascular, respiratory and other inflammatory diseases.