【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effect of probiotic combined fructooligosaccharid treatment on microflora of neonatal children infected with antibiotic associated diarrhea. Methods 45 children with antibiotic associated diarrhea were divided into microecologic cure group, microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group and conventional cure group, 15 children in each group. Bifidtriple viable capsule were given to microecologic cure group compared with conventional cure group. Fructooligosaccharid were eaten in microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group compared with microecologic cure group. The time of recovery and population of major bacteria were compared. Results The time of recovery in conventional cure group were significantly higher than that in microecologic cure group and microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group (P＜0.05). The population of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus in microecologic cure group and microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group were significantly higher than those in conventional cure group (P＜0.05). The population of bifidobacterium in microecologic cure group and were significantly lower than that in microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group (P＜0.05). The population of E.Coli in convention cure group were significantly higher than that in microecologic+fructooligosaccharid cure group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Probiotic preparation combined microecologic+fructooligosaccharid treatment can improve population of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus and reduce antibiotic associated diarrhea of children. The effect of microecologic can be enhanced by fructooligosaccharid.