【Abstract】Objective To observe effects of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) on liver function and inflammatory factors in patients with acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP). Methods 85 ABP patients in the hospital were enrolled. According to different treatment methods, they were divided into observation group (n=45) and control group (n=40). The control group was given routine nonsurgical treatment. On this basis, the observation group was given ERCP. Liver function (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TBil), γ glutamyl transpeptidase (γGT) and inflammatory factors (white blood cell count (WBC), Creactive protein (CRP) )) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. The disappearance time of abdominal pain, amylase recovery time, hospitalization time and incidence of complications in both groups were observed. Results After treatment, levels of ALT, TBil, γGT, WBC and CRP in both groups were significantly decreased (P＜005). And the above indexes in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜005). The disappearance time of abdominal pain, amylase recovery time and hospitalization time in observation group were significantly shorter than those in control group (P＜005). The total incidence of complications in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (667% vs 2500%) (P＜005). Conclusion The postoperative recovery of liver function is rapid with ERCP in treatment of ABP, which can effectively reduce inflammatory status, promote recovery of signs, with few complications.