【Abstract】 Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of Bailing capsule combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of multidrugresistant tuberculosis (MDRTB). Methods 400 patients with MDRTB admitted to the hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into observation group (220 cases) and control group (180 cases) according to stratified block randomization method. Control group was treated with 6Z Am PAS Pto/6 Z PAS Pto regimen+levofloxacin. The observation group was combined with Bailing capsule on the basis of control group. They were continuously treated for 12 months. The sputum negative conversion rate, lesion absorption and void closure were compared between the two groups. T lymphocytes levels were detected before and after treatment. The adverse reactions during medication period were monitored. Results The cumulative sputum negative conversion rates after 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months of treatment were 4409%, 6227%, 7312% and 7909% in observation group, which were significantly higher than those in corresponding time point in control group with 2833%, 4444%, 5167% and 5667% (P＜0.05). The effective rates of lesion absorption after 6 months and 12 months of treatment were 7909% and 9681% respectively in observation group, which were significantly higher than those in corresponding time point in control group with 5611% and 8667% (P＜0.05). The effective rates of void closure after 6 months and 12 months of treatment were 7955% and 9148% in observation group, which were significantly higher than those in corresponding time point in control group with 6765% and 7574% (P＜0.05). After treatment, the levels of LY, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment while the CD8+ was significantly decreased (P＜0.05), and the levels of LY, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.05). The incidence rates of adverse reactions of renal dysfunction, druginduced liver injury and blood system injury in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Bailing capsule combined with levofloxacin for MDRTB is beneficial for sputum negative conversion, lesion absorption and void closure, and can effectively improve immune function and reduce incidence rate of adverse reactions.