【Abstract】 Bilioenterostomy is an important surgery to reconstruct biliary tract and keep biliary drainage unobstructed.The causes of bilioenteric anastomotic stones are complex. Bilioenteric anastomotic stones are relatively difficult to treat and easy to relapse, which has become one of the clinical problems that the general surgeon urgently needs to solve. This article summarizes the causes and prevention of bilioenteric anastomotic stones, including pathophysiological changes of biliary tract after operation, improper selection of surgical indications, inadequate treatment of primary diseases and improper operations, which provides some reference for prevention and treatment of bilioenteric anastomotic stones after bilioenterostomy in the future.