【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of enteral nutrition support in perioperative period of esophageal cancer. Methods84 patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery in our hospital from December 2017 to October 2018 were enrolled in the study. They were divided into control group and observation group, according to random doubleblind method. The control group (n=42) received parenteral nutrition support. The observation group (n=42) underwent enteral nutrition support. The nutritional indicators, immune function and postoperative rehabilitation status of the two groups were compared. Results On the first day after operation, there was no significant difference in the levels of transferrin, serum albumin, total serum protein and body mass index between the two groups (P＞005). On the eighth day after operation, the nutritional indexes of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+, IgA, IgM and IgG of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group on the eighth day after operation (P＜0.05). In addition, the incidence of complications in the observation group was lower than that in the control group. The hospitalization time was significantly shorter than that in the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion The implementation of enteral nutrition support in perioperative patients with esophageal cancer can effectively improve their nutritional status, improve the body's immunity, and promote the postoperative rehabilitation of patients.