Abstract:【Abstract】Objective To explore the effect of simulating orthodontic static pressure stimulation on the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells and phosphatidylinositol 3kinase (PI3K)/Protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. Methods Cell proliferation was measured in vitro culture of periodontal ligament stem cells with good growth conditions under 100 KPa for 1 h, 6 h and 12 h. Apoptosis related proteins and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins were detected. Results The separated and purified periodontal ligament stem cells had the ability of multidirectional differentiation. The proliferation of the stem cells in the posterior periodontal ligament of 1h and 6h was significantly inhibited by pressure treatment, and the expression of apoptotic protein cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase)6 and Caspase9 was significantly enhanced (P<001, P<005). The expression of PI3K/AKT pathway protein PI3K and AKT was significantly enhanced (P<001, P<005), and was significantly different from the control group (P<001, P<005), but there was no significant difference between the above indexes after treatment (P>005). Conclusion Simulated orthodontic static pressure stimulation significantly inhibits the proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells, and this process may be related to abnormality of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.