【Abstract】 Objective To investigate correlation between adiponectin nesfatin1 and adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (AFABP), leptin, and glucagonlike peptide1 (GLP1) in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods 68 cases of GDM (GDM group) and 50 cases of normal glucose tolerance (NGT group) pregnant women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in our hospital from March 2015 to June 2017 were selected. Then their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis of adipokine nesfatin1 and related indicators of diabetes mellitus were performed by SPSS. Results The prenatal BMI, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, nesfatin1, leptin and AFABP in GDM group were significantly higher than those in NGT group (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that nesfatin1 was correlated with prenatal BMI, prenatal BMI, weight gain during pregnancy, BMI, fasting insulin and AFABP (R values were 0491, 0638, 0341, 0492, 0435, 0582, P＜0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that prenatal BMI and fasting insulin were independent risk factors for nesfatin1. Nesfatin1, leptin and AFABP were independent risk factors for GDM by adjusted fasting insulin and logistic regression analysis after prenatal BMI (P＜0.05). Conclusion The nesfatin1 was positively correlated with AFABP in GDM patients. Nesfatin1, AFABP, leptin are independent risk factors in patients with GDM. Moreover, the study also indicates that the Serum GLP1 has no correlation with GDM.