Objective To study the effects of different doses of carfezomib on the expression of stromal cellderived factor-1 (SDF-1) and chemokine receptor (CXCR4) in multiple myeloma rats and the related mechanisms.Methods 50 healthy SD rats were selected and randomly divided into blank group, model group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. Multiple myeloma model was built in model group and low, medium and high dose group. After the success of the modeling of low, medium and high dose group of rats with different doses of card of meters to intervene, 21 d after the death of the subcutaneous tumor tissue biopsy staining observation, measuring 5 groups rats tumorburdened average weight, abdomen water mean and tumor size, the project immune turbidimetric method is adopted to 5 groups of rats SDF-1 and CXCR4 level testing, using enzymelinked immunosorbent method to detect Nuclear factor kappa B predominate(Nuclear factorκB, NF-KB), Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6,IL-6）, Tumor necrosis factorsα(TNFα) and insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF-1) to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of carfi zolmi.Results The mean tumorbearing weight, abdominal water volume and tumor volume of rats in the medium dose group were significantly lower than those in the low dose group and the high dose group. The expression levels of sdf-1 and CXCR4 in the medium dose group were significantly lower than those in the low dose and high dose groups. The expression levels of NFκB, il6, TNFα, and IGF1 in rats in the medium dose group were significantly lower than those in the high dose group, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusion Carfizo can reduce the expression level of SDF1 and CXCR4, inhibit the inflammatory pathway activity to control tumor cell proliferation, and the inhibitory effect of carfizo at medium dose is more obvious, providing a certain theoretical basis for clinical medication.