Objective To explore the effects of Shiwei Qihuang Yishen recipe on TGFβ1/Smads/BMP-7 signaling pathway in rat models with renal fibrosis induced by adenine. Methods Rat models of renal fibrosis were prepared by adenine gavage, and were divided into Qihuang Yishen recipe group, model group, normal control group and TGF-B inhibitor group. Rats were given Shiwei Qihuang Yishen recipe for 4 w by intragastric administration. The body weight and contents of serum creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN) and hemoglobin (Hb) were measured every other week. The expressions of TGF-1, Smad 2, Smad 6, BMP-7 and BMP-7 RII proteins were detected by Western Bolt and RT-PCR qualitatively and quantitatively. The kidney tissues of rats were stained and the pathological changes and renal interstitial fibrosis of rat kidney tissues were observed and recorded. Results Compared with model group, the body weight in Shiwei Qihuang Yishen recipe group and TGF-B inhibitor group was significantly increased, and the serum creatinine (Scr) was significantly decreased. The serum urea nitrogen (BUN) was significantly decreased. The hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly increased. The TGF-1 protein expression was significantly decreased. The Smad 2 protein expression was significantly decreased. The Smad 6 protein expression was significantly increased. The expression levels of BMP-7 and BMP-7 RII proteins were significantly increased. Conclusion Shiwei Qihuang Yishen recipe can inhibit the transduction of TGF-1 signal into the nucleus by down regulating the expression of TGF-1 and Smad 2 proteins and upregulating the expression of BMP-7 and BMP7 RII proteins, thus relieving the progression of renal fibrosis caused by adenine.