Objective To investigate the expression and function of tumor suppressor gene Tg737 in puncture tissues of liver cancer. Methods Liver puncture was performed on hepatocarcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues. As a biopsy specimen, the nature of the tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and pathological sectioning. SMMC7721 and MHCC97-H cell lines were cultured. The Tg737 expression plasmid was transfected with different concentrations. The cell viability and VEGF content after Tg737 overexpression were observed by different plasmid concentrations of 0μg/L, 1.0μg/L and 10.0μg/L. Results The protein expression and mRNA expression of Tg737 in normal tissues adjacent to the cancer were lower in the liver cancer tissues (P＜0.05). Transfection of Tg737 expression plasmid reduced the absorbance of CCK-8 in MHCC97-H and SMMC7721 cell lines. The higher the mass concentration, the lower the absorbance. The transfection of Tg737 expression plasmid enabled MHCC97H and SMMC7721 cells. The MTT absorbance value of the strain decreased, and the larger the plasmid concentration, the lower the absorbance value. The higher the mass concentration, the lower the VEGFA and VEGFB content. Conclusion For the clinically treated patients with liver cancer, the expression of the tumor suppressor gene Tg737 distributed in liver cancer tissues was significantly reduced. By increasing the expression of Tg737, the cell viability was decreased, and the expression of VEGF and protooncogene were significantly reduced.