【Abstract】 Objective To discuss impact of orthokeratology lens corrective therapy on corneal surface shape and visual quality of children with myopia. Methods 200 patients with myopia treated in our hospital from April 2015 to April 2016 were selected as the objects and studied for efficacy via retrospective analysis of treatment process. All patients were provided with orthokeratology lens corrective therapy and examined for variation of corneal surface shape at 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after treatment and examined for objective and subjective visual quality. Results In 1 week and 1 month after wearing lens, the equivalent diopter, mean curvature, thickness of corneal culmination, AULCSF, four order spherical aberration and three order coma were significantly differed from those in 1 day after treatment (P＜0.05). There was no significant change in higher order aberrations (P＞0.05). In objective visual quality, the modulation transfer function (MTF)cut off frequency in 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after corrective therapy decreased (P＜0.05). The objective scattering index (OSI) increased (P＜0.05). The quality of tear film increased (P＜0.05). 9% contrast vision, 20% contrast vision and 100% contrast vision decreased a little, which had no significantly difference from those before treatment (P＞0.05). In subjective visual quality, the score of lightdark adaptation, riding at night, night aperture, vision fluctuation and glare in 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after corrective therapy were significantly differed from those before treatment (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in watching electronic screen, riding at daytime, reading books, daily activity, outdoor exercise, metamorphopsy and general vision scores before and after treatment (P＞0.05). Conclusion Orthokeratology lens corrective therapy can effectively optimize corneal surface shape. It has utility value in corrective therapy of children with myopia.