【Abstract】Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants is a multifactorial disease.The main risk factors are premature exposure to hyperoxia and the damage of reactive oxygen species.For premature babies, especially very premature and very low birth weight infants,prolonged exposure to hyperoxia may affect the normal developmental trajectories of lung tissue and vascular beds, leading to developmental disorders of the lungs and abnormalities in alveolar development.This paper outlines the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of BPD and suggests antioxidant measures may be effective in preventing BPD in preterm infants.