【Abstract】 Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure variability (BPV) and left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with essential hypertension. Methods 126 patients of essential hypertension were divided to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) group (n=52) and nonleft ventricular hypertrophy group (nonLVH, n=74). Parameters of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and BPV parameters differences were compared between them. Results 24hSBP, dSBP, nSBP, 24 hSSD, 24hDSD, dSSD and nSSD in LVH group were higher than nonLVH group（P＜005）. Logistic regression analysis showed that 24h SBP, dSSD and NSSD were the independent risk factors of left ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusions 24h SBP, dSSD and NSSD of old essential hyperternsion patients are independent risk factors of LVH. Stably controlling of blood pressure has a certain effect on delaying the occurrence of LVH.