【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical effect of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) combined with antibiotic cement in traumatic osteomyelitis. Methods 108 patients of traumatic osteomyelitis were treated in our hospital from July 2013 to December 2016 and were analyzed. All patients were divided into observation group（54 cases）and control group（54 cases）according to different treatment methods. The control group was treated with antibiotic bone of traumatic osteomyelitis. The observation group was treated with VSD combined with antibiotic bone. The patient's treatment effects were compared. Results The C reactive protein changes rate of observation group was higher than that of the control group. The VAS of the control group at 6h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h were higher than those in the observation group. The effective rate and cure rate in the observation group were higher than that of the control group. The recurrence rate and debridement rate in the observation group were far lower than that of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion VSD combined with antibiotic bone cement in the treatment of traumatic osteomyelitis can effectively avoid the drawbacks of traditional treatment and drainage adequately, and significantly reduce the recurrence rate.