【Abstract】 Objective To explore the best method to prevent esophageal stricture after circumferential esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods 24 Guizhou miniature pigs were divided into three groups including ESD control group, test group 1 (local injection of dexamethasone) and test group 2 (Esophageal stent implantation group). Circumference esophagus at 24 to 29 centimeters were dissected by ESD. Group 1 were carried out by local injection of dexamethasone 03 mg/point after ESD. Group 2 were carried out by implantation of retrievable selfexpandable metal stent, which was extracted after one month. Survival situation, body weight change, esophageal stricture and gastroscope passing were evaluated at first and second week, one month, 3 month and 6 months after ESD. Results After ESD in the first month, significant esophageal stricture was observed in the control group, remaining partial passing capacity for the gastroscope. Comparing to the control group, esophageal stenosis was also observed in the test group 1 with lighter symptom, since no significant esophageal stricture was observed in the test group 2. In the third month, the esophageal stricture had increased dramatically in the control group, with only 20% passing rate for the gastroscope. The symptom of esophageal stenosis in the test group 1 was also aggravated, with 40% passing rate left for the gastroscope. However, while esophageal stenosis was also observed, around 80% passing capacity remained for the gastroscope in the test group 2. For Postoperative survival comparison, comparing to the control group, the test group 1 had similar survival rate in the first month after ESD, but gained significantly increased survival rate in 6 months. And the test group 2 had gained higher survival rate in 1, 3 and 6 months after ESD (P<0.05) comparing to the control group. For postoperative body weight changes, weight loss had been observed in the test group 1, but lighter to the control group. And weight increasing had been observed in the test group 2 (P<0.05).Conclusion For test subjects with circumferential esophageal ESD, esophageal stricture would emerge in 1 month after the operation, mostly resulting in significant stenosis. With local injection of dexamethasone, the symptom can be alleviated and thus to contribute to a higher survival rate. However, the deteriorated rate could be still high and last for a high possibility to death. With esophageal retrievable self-expandable metal stent implantation, the rate of esophageal stricture can be significantly decreased with a dramatically increasing survival rate. And comparing to the method with local dexamethasone injection, the esophageal retrievable self-expandable metal stent implantation can gain better effectiveness in preventing the esophageal stricture after ESD.