【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the influence situation of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for the postoperative pain and related blood indexes of patients.Methods 62 surgical patients with renal carcinoma in our hospital during the time of August 2014 to April 2016 were set as the study object，and 62 surgical patients were divided into control group and observation group according to the difference of surgery methods，31 patients in control group were treated with conventional radical nephrectomy，31 patients in observation group were treated with retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy，then the pain score，pain related serum indexes of two groups before the surgery and at 1st，3rd and 5thday after the surgery were compared.Results The pain score，pain related serum indexes of two groups before the surgery were compared，all P＞005，while the severe pain rates of observation group before the surgery and at 1st，3rd and 5th day after the surgery were respectively 645%，4194%，2903%及 and 1290%，pain related serum indexes（SP，BK，PGE2，IL8，NGF and βEP）were respectively，and they all increased first and decreased afterward，and the results at 1st day after the surgery were all higher than those at other time，and the results after the surgery were all lower than those of control group，all P＜005.Conclusion The control role of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for the postoperative pain and related blood indexes of patients are better，so the surgery mode has more active application value for the improvement of postoperative discomfort and its related indexes of patients.