【Abstract】 Objective Single/double membrane plasma exchange, as the main means of plasma purification treatment, is specifically recommended for Immune related diseases in the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) guidelines, including the acute rejection after renal transplantation, vasculitis and antiGBM antibody nephritis, etc. This article summarizes the single/double membrane plasma exchange in 19 cases in our hemodialysis center, to explore the clinical curative effect. Methods From October 2015 to June 2017, selective use of single/double membrane plasma exchange was carried out for 19 patients, 18 times each patient treatments. Plasma IgG, IgM and IgA were measured before and after treatment, and the specific antibody for different diseases was determined, renal function of renal transplant and nephritis patients and urine volume recovery were recorded. Results There were 12 cases of single membrane plasma exchange and 58 cases of double membrane plasma exchange. There were significant differences in IgG before and after treatment (P＜005), while IgM and IgA showed no significant difference. The outcomes were different in different disease: The patient of SLE with ITP, who was in critical condition at beginning of very low platelet (12×109/L), unconsciousness, dysphoria, antinuclear antibody (+), improved in consciousness, PLT (normal) and the negative antinuclear antibodies after 5 times of single membrane plasma exchange with medical treatment. The RPGN patients, after cooperated with medical treatment, there is a decrease of antiKSZ antibodies in the average trend but not significant (P＞005), antiGBM were significantly decreased (P＜005), and 4 cases (only positive antiGBM) from got rid of hemodialysis therapy, 3 cases were given up for treatment due to economic and advanced age, but renal function were not recovered in 4 cases and were converted to maintenance hemodialysis. 7 cases of acute rejection after kidney transplantation were carried out double membrane plasma exchange, overall PRA has a downward trend but no statistical significance (P＞005), renal function and urine amount is back to normal, 5 patients were followed up for six months and the nor renal function was normal, but Two patients were converted to maintenance hemodialysis. Conclusion Single/double membrane plasma exchange technology has been gradually play an irreplaceable role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases, cooperating with drug treatment. Different disease characteristics, and adequacy of the plasma source makes clinicians need to selective to use single/double membrane plasma exchange or joint method in two ways according to the specific circumstances of patients, on the basis of immunosuppressive drugs used to promote disease prognosis.