【Abstract】 Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is becoming one of the main methods for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) in the elderly, because of its minimal trauma and rapid recovery. However, there are still some problems that need to be discussed in clinical treatment. Which treatment is better, Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP)? Which one is more effective, unilateral approachor bilateral approach? What quantity and distribution of bone cement can be used to get better function? Does the type of bone cement have any effect on treatment? What complications should be concerned about? What are the aspects of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) that can be improved to work better? All these issues need to be discussed. This article will elaborate on them one by one.