【Abstract】 Pediatric airway management is a required skill and a challenge for every anesthesiologist. The pediatric airway is not a narrowing of the adult airway. The unique anatomic, physiological and pathological changes make it more complex and difficult to manage. The main management methods include mask ventilation, endotracheal intubation and laryngeal mask. Different airway management methods can be chosen according to different patient characteristics and different operation requirements. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages. In children with difficult airway, the method is often used to keep spontaneous breathing and insert the endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask under inhalation anesthesia. The auxiliary equipments are visual laryngoscope and fiberoptic bronchoscope. Although the development of new technologies and equipments have improved the dilemma of airway management in children, it is still necessary to continuously explore to meet the more needs of airway management, reduce complications and improve the success rate.