Abstract:【Abstract】 Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is the most common form of hypertension in older people and its predictive value for adverse outcome is well known.However, ISH can be frequently found in young individuals, especially among males, but its prognosis is still controversial.Whether ISH in young adults represents “pseudo” or “spurious” hypertension is still unclear. Recent research has shown that ISH in young adults is a state of heterogeneity; some individuals appear to have increased stroke volume, whereas others have stiffened aortae, or both. Although ISH seems to be a benign condition in young men, Data are sparse regarding the clinical consequences of ISH in young adults, and China is less concerned with the young ISH.Future longterm followup studies are needed to better understand the clinical significance of this condition. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of ISH in young adults, including the prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment.