【Abstract】〓Objective〓To observe the effect of sufentanil on the changes of inflammatory mediators and pain medium in elderly patients with lower limb fractures and provide clinical basis for effective control of fracture pain. Methods〓68 elderly patients with lower extremity fractures e treated in from January 2014 to January 2017 were retrospectively selected. The patients were divided into the observation group and the control group according to the choice of postoperative different analgesic drugs. The observation group (25 cases) was taken withsufentanil. The control group (23 patients) was treated with fentanyl. The changes of inflammatory mediators Interleukin (IL2,6,10), pain medium serum serotonin (5HT),Nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the two groups 24 hours and 3 days after surgery were compared.Results〓 The levels of IL2, IL6 and IL10 in patients with 24h and 3d were significantly decreased, and lower than those in the control group (P <005). The expression of 5HT, NO and PGE2 in the postoperative group was significantly decreased, and lower than that in the control group (P <005).Conclusion〓The use of sufentanil analgesia in elderly patients with fractures can significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory mediators and pain mediators, maintain the relative balance of cytokines in the body and has a positive effect in reducing the postoperative stress response.