【Abstract】 Restless legs syndrome is highly prevalent in end stage renal disease patients. The symptoms of RLS typically occur during inactivity and frequently interfere with sleep, it is characterized by an urge to move the legs that is often hard to resist and is usually associated with disagreeable leg sensations. The pathogenesis of the disorder is still unclear, but it is widely accepted that it involves family history, disruption of dopaminergic functions, lack of iron and uremic toxin and so on. Restless legs syndrome is best diagnosed by an experienced clinician. The treatment of restless legs syndrome involves various pharmacologic approaches and nonpharmacologic approaches. In this article, we review the diagnosis, epidemiologic feature and treatment of end stage renal disease patients with the restless legs syndrome.