【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the association between programmed cell death factor1 (PDCD1) gene rs 2227982 polymorphism and the ankylosing spondylitis (AS) susceptibility by metaanalysis. Methods PubMed, Embase, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data were systematically searched to collect casecontrol studies with the association between PDCD1 rs 2227982 polymorphism and AS susceptibility published from setting up to December, 2015. Two valuators independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies.A total of 5 casecontrol studies were included, involving 968 AS cases and 985 controls. Then metaanalysis was performed by using Stata 120 software. Results The results of metaanalysis showed that T allele carriers presented higher risk of AS than C allele carriers(OR=174, 95%CI 148 to 206, P<0001), TT genotype carriers presented higher risk than CC genotype carriers (OR=188, 95%CI 130 to 273, P=0001), and TT+CT genotype carriers presented higher risk than CC genotype carriers (OR=229, 95%CI 165 to 318, P<0001). Compared with TT genotype carriers, no significant difference was observed in the CT genotype carriers (OR=081, 95%CI 055 to 119, P=0283) and CT+CC genotype carriers (OR=133, 95%CI 094 to 189, P=0118). Conclusion Current evidence suggested that PDCD1 rs 2227982 polymorphism might increase the susceptibility of AS. Due to limited quantity of included studies, the conclusion was needed to be confirmed with further studies.