【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the role of ECHS1 on the Warburg effect in cholangiocarcinoma and the growth of the human cholangiocarcinoma in transplanted nude mice. Methods The subjects were divided into the experimental group and control group. ECHS1 gene was silenced in Experimental group. ECHS1 gene was normal in Control group. The effect of ECHS1 on the glucose metabolism of cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells was determined by using a microplate reader. The expression of PKM2 was detected in both experimental group and control group by western blot. Furthermore, we transfected ECHS1 siRNA to human cholangiocarcinoma cell line QBC939, established its subcutaneous transplantation tumor model in a nude mice and observed the effects of ECHS1 siRNA on growth of QBC939 cell in vivo. Results Microplate reader shows glucos uptaken was significantly lower than that in the control group (P＜005) (P＜005). Immunohistochemical results shown that interference ECHS1 can decrease PKM2 expression compared with cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells in the control group (P＜005). Inhibit ECHS1 expression could decrease the nude mice subcutaneous tumor size (P＜005). Conclusion ECHS1 affects Warburg effect of cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells by regulating the expression of PKM2 protein and plays an important role in the growth of choriocarcinoma. inhibition of its expression by siRNA can reduce the growth of QBC939 cells in vivo.