【Abstract】 Objective To retrospectively analyze MRI(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)and MRA（Magnetic Resonance Angiography）imaging features in children with primary angiitis of the central nervous system and to discuss MR diagnostic value of childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system (cPACNS). Methods The characteristics of the imaging by collecting 17 the patient's MRI and MRA Imaging data with definite diagnosis of cPACNS were analyzed.Results The attack age among the 17 cases was from 2 to 13 years. The main clinical manifestations were dizziness, headache and different levels of focal neurological signs. 16 cases were above the tentorium cerebelli,1 case was involving the tentorium cerebelli above and under. 8 cases were on the single side of the brain. 9 cases were on both sides of the brain. 9 cases were characterized by vascular local stenosis or vascular occlusion, usually involving many intracranial vascular, especially concentrate on the surrounding of Willis ring. 5 cases were no abnormal changes in MRA.Conclusion Combining with the clinical characteristics, we can provide valuable diagnostic basis of childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system by using MRI and MRA.