【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical effects of vestibular rehabilitation combined with antianxiety therapy in the treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Methods 108 patients with BPPV were randomly divided into control group and observation group by the random number table method, with 54 cases in each group. The control group was treated with vestibular rehabilitation training. The observation group, on the basis of treatment of control group, was treated with antianxiety therapy. Both of the two groups were intervened for 2 weeks. The clinical effect, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), vestibular symptom index (VSI) and quality of life scores before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. With 1 year of followup, the recurrence rate of vertigo in the two groups was statistically analyzed. Results The clinical cure rate in the observation group (90.74%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (68.52%) (P < 005). After treatment, HAMA score, VSI score and quality of life (functional, emotional, physical) scores after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 005). After treatment, HAMA score, VSI score and body score in observation group ［(2.78±2.01), (18.16±7.54), (2.83±0.42)］ were significantly lower than those in control group ［(5.47± 3.68), (25.35±8.05), (3.95±0.38)］ (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between two groups after 1 year of followup (P>0.05). Conclusion Vestibular rehabilitation training combined with antianxiety therapy can significantly improve the symptoms and quality of life in patients with BPPV, and can effectively reduce the recurrence rate of vertigo.