【Abstract】 The research on NAMPT is one of the hot spots in recent years. There are two forms of NAMPTin the body, intracellular NAMPT (iNAMPT) and extracellular NAMPT (eNAMPT). Intracellular NAMPT is a key enzyme for synthesizing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), while eNAMPT functions as a potential inflammatory cytokine in diverse biological contexts. Many studies demonstrated that NAMPT has crucial roles for cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, tumor, ageing and energy metabolism by regulating NADdependent sirtuin1 (SIRT1) deacetylase. This review summarizes the NAMPT gene structure, protein characteristic and its role in cardiovascular diseases, especially highlighting the crucial function of NAMPT inmyocardial ischemia, coronary atherosclerosis and heart failure.